diff --git a/src/backend/utils/download.js b/src/backend/utils/download.js
index 5021aa4..49714c0 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/download.js
+++ b/src/backend/utils/download.js
@@ -3,6 +3,17 @@
  * @description 图片下载与 Base64 转换
  */
 
+import { logger } from '../../utils/logger.js';
+
+/**
+ * 判断错误是否可重试
+ * @param {string} message - 错误消息
+ * @returns {boolean}
+ */
+function isRetryableError(message) {
+    return /timeout|network|econnreset|econnrefused|etimedout|disconnected|tls|socket/i.test(message);
+}
+
 /**
  * 使用页面上下文下载图片并转换为 Base64
  * 自动继承页面的 Cookie 和 Session，解决鉴权问题
@@ -10,19 +21,26 @@
  * @param {import('playwright-core').Page} page - Playwright 页面对象
  * @param {object} [options] - 可选配置
  * @param {number} [options.timeout=60000] - 超时时间（毫秒）
- * @param {number} [options.retries=0] - 下载失败时的重试次数
- * @returns {Promise<{ image?: string, error?: string }>} 下载结果
+ * @param {number} [options.maxRetries=3] - 最大重试次数
+ * @param {number} [options.retryDelay=1000] - 重试延迟基数（毫秒）
+ * @returns {Promise<{ image?: string, imageUrl?: string, error?: string }>} 下载结果（包含原始 URL）
  */
 export async function useContextDownload(url, page, options = {}) {
-    const { timeout = 60000, retries = 0 } = options;
+    const { timeout = 120000, maxRetries = 3, retryDelay = 1000 } = options;
 
-    for (let attempt = 0; attempt <= retries; attempt++) {
+    for (let attempt = 1; attempt <= maxRetries; attempt++) {
         try {
             const response = await page.request.get(url, { timeout });
 
             if (!response.ok()) {
-                if (attempt < retries) continue;
-                return { error: `下载失败: HTTP ${response.status()}` };
+                const status = response.status();
+                // 5xx 错误可重试
+                if (status >= 500 && attempt < maxRetries) {
+                    logger.warn('下载', `HTTP ${status}，重试 ${attempt}/${maxRetries}...`);
+                    await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, retryDelay * attempt));
+                    continue;
+                }
+                return { error: `下载失败: HTTP ${status}`, imageUrl: url };
             }
 
             const buffer = await response.body();
@@ -30,10 +48,16 @@ export async function useContextDownload(url, page, options = {}) {
             const contentType = response.headers()['content-type'] || 'image/png';
             const mimeType = contentType.split(';')[0].trim();
 
-            return { image: `data:${mimeType};base64,${base64}` };
+            return { image: `data:${mimeType};base64,${base64}`, imageUrl: url };
         } catch (e) {
-            if (attempt < retries) continue;
-            return { error: `已获取结果，但图片下载时遇到错误: ${e.message}` };
+            if (isRetryableError(e.message) && attempt < maxRetries) {
+                logger.warn('下载', `${e.message}，重试 ${attempt}/${maxRetries}...`);
+                await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, retryDelay * attempt));
+                continue;
+            }
+            return { error: `已获取结果，但图片下载时遇到错误: ${e.message}`, imageUrl: url };
         }
     }
+
+    return { error: '下载失败: 已达最大重试次数', imageUrl: url };
 }