use std::collections::HashMap;
use std::os::fd::AsRawFd;
use std::path::Path;
use std::path::PathBuf;
use std::process::Stdio;
use std::sync::Arc;
use std::time::Duration;

use anyhow::Context as _;
use codex_execpolicy::Policy;
use path_absolutize::Absolutize as _;
use tokio::process::Command;
use tokio::sync::RwLock;
use tokio_util::sync::CancellationToken;

use crate::unix::escalate_protocol::ESCALATE_SOCKET_ENV_VAR;
use crate::unix::escalate_protocol::EXEC_WRAPPER_ENV_VAR;
use crate::unix::escalate_protocol::EscalateAction;
use crate::unix::escalate_protocol::EscalateRequest;
use crate::unix::escalate_protocol::EscalateResponse;
use crate::unix::escalate_protocol::LEGACY_BASH_EXEC_WRAPPER_ENV_VAR;
use crate::unix::escalate_protocol::SuperExecMessage;
use crate::unix::escalate_protocol::SuperExecResult;
use crate::unix::escalation_policy::EscalationPolicy;
use crate::unix::socket::AsyncDatagramSocket;
use crate::unix::socket::AsyncSocket;
use crate::unix::stopwatch::Stopwatch;

/// Adapter for running the shell command after the escalation server has been set up.
///
/// This lets `shell-escalation` own the Unix escalation protocol while the caller
/// keeps control over process spawning, output capture, and sandbox integration.
/// Implementations can capture any sandbox state they need.
#[async_trait::async_trait]
pub trait ShellCommandExecutor: Send + Sync {
    /// Runs the requested shell command and returns the captured result.
    async fn run(
        &self,
        command: Vec<String>,
        cwd: PathBuf,
        env: HashMap<String, String>,
        cancel_rx: CancellationToken,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<ExecResult>;
}

#[derive(Debug, serde::Deserialize, serde::Serialize)]
pub struct ExecParams {
    /// The bash string to execute.
    pub command: String,
    /// The working directory to execute the command in. Must be an absolute path.
    pub workdir: String,
    /// The timeout for the command in milliseconds.
    pub timeout_ms: Option<u64>,
    /// Launch Bash with -lc instead of -c: defaults to true.
    pub login: Option<bool>,
}

#[derive(Debug, serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize)]
pub struct ExecResult {
    pub exit_code: i32,
    pub output: String,
    pub duration: Duration,
    pub timed_out: bool,
}

#[allow(clippy::module_name_repetitions)]
pub struct EscalateServer {
    bash_path: PathBuf,
    execve_wrapper: PathBuf,
    policy: Arc<dyn EscalationPolicy>,
}

impl EscalateServer {
    pub fn new<P>(bash_path: PathBuf, execve_wrapper: PathBuf, policy: P) -> Self
    where
        P: EscalationPolicy + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        Self {
            bash_path,
            execve_wrapper,
            policy: Arc::new(policy),
        }
    }

    pub async fn exec(
        &self,
        params: ExecParams,
        cancel_rx: CancellationToken,
        command_executor: &dyn ShellCommandExecutor,
    ) -> anyhow::Result<ExecResult> {
        let (escalate_server, escalate_client) = AsyncDatagramSocket::pair()?;
        let client_socket = escalate_client.into_inner();
        // Only the client endpoint should cross exec into the wrapper process.
        client_socket.set_cloexec(false)?;
        let escalate_task = tokio::spawn(escalate_task(escalate_server, self.policy.clone()));
        let mut env = std::env::vars().collect::<HashMap<String, String>>();
        env.insert(
            ESCALATE_SOCKET_ENV_VAR.to_string(),
            client_socket.as_raw_fd().to_string(),
        );
        env.insert(
            EXEC_WRAPPER_ENV_VAR.to_string(),
            self.execve_wrapper.to_string_lossy().to_string(),
        );
        env.insert(
            LEGACY_BASH_EXEC_WRAPPER_ENV_VAR.to_string(),
            self.execve_wrapper.to_string_lossy().to_string(),
        );

        let command = vec![
            self.bash_path.to_string_lossy().to_string(),
            if params.login == Some(false) {
                "-c".to_string()
            } else {
                "-lc".to_string()
            },
            params.command,
        ];
        let result = command_executor
            .run(command, PathBuf::from(&params.workdir), env, cancel_rx)
            .await?;
        escalate_task.abort();
        Ok(result)
    }
}

/// Factory for creating escalation policy instances for a single shell run.
pub trait EscalationPolicyFactory {
    type Policy: EscalationPolicy + Send + Sync + 'static;

    fn create_policy(&self, policy: Arc<RwLock<Policy>>, stopwatch: Stopwatch) -> Self::Policy;
}

pub async fn run_escalate_server(
    exec_params: ExecParams,
    shell_program: impl AsRef<Path>,
    execve_wrapper: impl AsRef<Path>,
    policy: Arc<RwLock<Policy>>,
    escalation_policy_factory: impl EscalationPolicyFactory,
    effective_timeout: Duration,
    command_executor: &dyn ShellCommandExecutor,
) -> anyhow::Result<ExecResult> {
    let stopwatch = Stopwatch::new(effective_timeout);
    let cancel_token = stopwatch.cancellation_token();
    let escalate_server = EscalateServer::new(
        shell_program.as_ref().to_path_buf(),
        execve_wrapper.as_ref().to_path_buf(),
        escalation_policy_factory.create_policy(policy, stopwatch),
    );

    escalate_server
        .exec(exec_params, cancel_token, command_executor)
        .await
}

async fn escalate_task(
    socket: AsyncDatagramSocket,
    policy: Arc<dyn EscalationPolicy>,
) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
    loop {
        let (_, mut fds) = socket.receive_with_fds().await?;
        if fds.len() != 1 {
            tracing::error!("expected 1 fd in datagram handshake, got {}", fds.len());
            continue;
        }
        let stream_socket = AsyncSocket::from_fd(fds.remove(0))?;
        let policy = policy.clone();
        tokio::spawn(async move {
            if let Err(err) = handle_escalate_session_with_policy(stream_socket, policy).await {
                tracing::error!("escalate session failed: {err:?}");
            }
        });
    }
}

async fn handle_escalate_session_with_policy(
    socket: AsyncSocket,
    policy: Arc<dyn EscalationPolicy>,
) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
    let EscalateRequest {
        file,
        argv,
        workdir,
        env,
    } = socket.receive::<EscalateRequest>().await?;
    let file = PathBuf::from(&file).absolutize()?.into_owned();
    let workdir = PathBuf::from(&workdir).absolutize()?.into_owned();
    let action = policy
        .determine_action(file.as_path(), &argv, &workdir)
        .await
        .context("failed to determine escalation action")?;

    tracing::debug!("decided {action:?} for {file:?} {argv:?} {workdir:?}");

    match action {
        EscalateAction::Run => {
            socket
                .send(EscalateResponse {
                    action: EscalateAction::Run,
                })
                .await?;
        }
        EscalateAction::Escalate => {
            socket
                .send(EscalateResponse {
                    action: EscalateAction::Escalate,
                })
                .await?;
            let (msg, fds) = socket
                .receive_with_fds::<SuperExecMessage>()
                .await
                .context("failed to receive SuperExecMessage")?;
            if fds.len() != msg.fds.len() {
                return Err(anyhow::anyhow!(
                    "mismatched number of fds in SuperExecMessage: {} in the message, {} from the control message",
                    msg.fds.len(),
                    fds.len()
                ));
            }

            if msg
                .fds
                .iter()
                .any(|src_fd| fds.iter().any(|dst_fd| dst_fd.as_raw_fd() == *src_fd))
            {
                return Err(anyhow::anyhow!(
                    "overlapping fds not yet supported in SuperExecMessage"
                ));
            }

            let mut command = Command::new(file);
            command
                .args(&argv[1..])
                .arg0(argv[0].clone())
                .envs(&env)
                .current_dir(&workdir)
                .stdin(Stdio::null())
                .stdout(Stdio::null())
                .stderr(Stdio::null());
            unsafe {
                command.pre_exec(move || {
                    for (dst_fd, src_fd) in msg.fds.iter().zip(&fds) {
                        libc::dup2(src_fd.as_raw_fd(), *dst_fd);
                    }
                    Ok(())
                });
            }
            let mut child = command.spawn()?;
            let exit_status = child.wait().await?;
            socket
                .send(SuperExecResult {
                    exit_code: exit_status.code().unwrap_or(127),
                })
                .await?;
        }
        EscalateAction::Deny { reason } => {
            socket
                .send(EscalateResponse {
                    action: EscalateAction::Deny { reason },
                })
                .await?;
        }
    }
    Ok(())
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use pretty_assertions::assert_eq;
    use std::collections::HashMap;
    use std::path::Path;
    use std::path::PathBuf;

    struct DeterministicEscalationPolicy {
        action: EscalateAction,
    }

    #[async_trait::async_trait]
    impl EscalationPolicy for DeterministicEscalationPolicy {
        async fn determine_action(
            &self,
            _file: &Path,
            _argv: &[String],
            _workdir: &Path,
        ) -> anyhow::Result<EscalateAction> {
            Ok(self.action.clone())
        }
    }

    #[tokio::test]
    async fn handle_escalate_session_respects_run_in_sandbox_decision() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
        let (server, client) = AsyncSocket::pair()?;
        let server_task = tokio::spawn(handle_escalate_session_with_policy(
            server,
            Arc::new(DeterministicEscalationPolicy {
                action: EscalateAction::Run,
            }),
        ));

        let mut env = HashMap::new();
        for i in 0..10 {
            let value = "A".repeat(1024);
            env.insert(format!("CODEX_TEST_VAR{i}"), value);
        }

        client
            .send(EscalateRequest {
                file: PathBuf::from("/bin/echo"),
                argv: vec!["echo".to_string()],
                workdir: PathBuf::from("/tmp"),
                env,
            })
            .await?;

        let response = client.receive::<EscalateResponse>().await?;
        assert_eq!(
            EscalateResponse {
                action: EscalateAction::Run,
            },
            response
        );
        server_task.await?
    }

    #[tokio::test]
    async fn handle_escalate_session_executes_escalated_command() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
        let (server, client) = AsyncSocket::pair()?;
        let server_task = tokio::spawn(handle_escalate_session_with_policy(
            server,
            Arc::new(DeterministicEscalationPolicy {
                action: EscalateAction::Escalate,
            }),
        ));

        client
            .send(EscalateRequest {
                file: PathBuf::from("/bin/sh"),
                argv: vec![
                    "sh".to_string(),
                    "-c".to_string(),
                    r#"if [ "$KEY" = VALUE ]; then exit 42; else exit 1; fi"#.to_string(),
                ],
                workdir: std::env::current_dir()?,
                env: HashMap::from([("KEY".to_string(), "VALUE".to_string())]),
            })
            .await?;

        let response = client.receive::<EscalateResponse>().await?;
        assert_eq!(
            EscalateResponse {
                action: EscalateAction::Escalate,
            },
            response
        );

        client
            .send_with_fds(SuperExecMessage { fds: Vec::new() }, &[])
            .await?;

        let result = client.receive::<SuperExecResult>().await?;
        assert_eq!(42, result.exit_code);

        server_task.await?
    }
}
