diff --git a/src-tauri/src/commands/stream_check.rs b/src-tauri/src/commands/stream_check.rs
index 38d5b09d6..7afe21018 100644
--- a/src-tauri/src/commands/stream_check.rs
+++ b/src-tauri/src/commands/stream_check.rs
@@ -26,8 +26,22 @@ pub async fn stream_check_provider(
         .ok_or_else(|| AppError::Message(format!("供应商 {provider_id} 不存在")))?;
 
     let auth_override = resolve_copilot_auth_override(provider, &copilot_state).await?;
-    let result =
-        StreamCheckService::check_with_retry(&app_type, provider, &config, auth_override).await?;
+    let claude_api_format_override = resolve_claude_api_format_override(
+        &app_type,
+        provider,
+        &config,
+        &copilot_state,
+        auth_override.as_ref(),
+    )
+    .await?;
+    let result = StreamCheckService::check_with_retry(
+        &app_type,
+        provider,
+        &config,
+        auth_override,
+        claude_api_format_override,
+    )
+    .await?;
 
     // 记录日志
     let _ =
@@ -73,19 +87,40 @@ pub async fn stream_check_all_providers(
         }
 
         let auth_override = resolve_copilot_auth_override(&provider, &copilot_state).await?;
-        let result =
-            StreamCheckService::check_with_retry(&app_type, &provider, &config, auth_override)
-                .await
-                .unwrap_or_else(|e| StreamCheckResult {
-                    status: HealthStatus::Failed,
-                    success: false,
-                    message: e.to_string(),
-                    response_time_ms: None,
-                    http_status: None,
-                    model_used: String::new(),
-                    tested_at: chrono::Utc::now().timestamp(),
-                    retry_count: 0,
-                });
+        let claude_api_format_override = resolve_claude_api_format_override(
+            &app_type,
+            &provider,
+            &config,
+            &copilot_state,
+            auth_override.as_ref(),
+        )
+        .await
+        .unwrap_or_else(|e| {
+            log::warn!(
+                "[StreamCheck] Failed to resolve Claude API format override for {}: {}",
+                provider.id,
+                e
+            );
+            None
+        });
+        let result = StreamCheckService::check_with_retry(
+            &app_type,
+            &provider,
+            &config,
+            auth_override,
+            claude_api_format_override,
+        )
+        .await
+        .unwrap_or_else(|e| StreamCheckResult {
+            status: HealthStatus::Failed,
+            success: false,
+            message: e.to_string(),
+            response_time_ms: None,
+            http_status: None,
+            model_used: String::new(),
+            tested_at: chrono::Utc::now().timestamp(),
+            retry_count: 0,
+        });
 
         let _ = state
             .db
@@ -154,3 +189,49 @@ async fn resolve_copilot_auth_override(
         crate::proxy::providers::AuthStrategy::GitHubCopilot,
     )))
 }
+
+async fn resolve_claude_api_format_override(
+    app_type: &AppType,
+    provider: &crate::provider::Provider,
+    config: &StreamCheckConfig,
+    copilot_state: &State<'_, CopilotAuthState>,
+    auth_override: Option<&crate::proxy::providers::AuthInfo>,
+) -> Result<Option<String>, AppError> {
+    if *app_type != AppType::Claude {
+        return Ok(None);
+    }
+
+    let is_copilot = auth_override
+        .map(|auth| auth.strategy == crate::proxy::providers::AuthStrategy::GitHubCopilot)
+        .unwrap_or(false);
+    if !is_copilot {
+        return Ok(None);
+    }
+
+    let model_id = StreamCheckService::resolve_effective_test_model(app_type, provider, config);
+    let auth_manager = copilot_state.0.read().await;
+    let account_id = provider
+        .meta
+        .as_ref()
+        .and_then(|meta| meta.managed_account_id_for("github_copilot"));
+
+    let vendor_result = match account_id.as_deref() {
+        Some(id) => auth_manager.get_model_vendor_for_account(id, &model_id).await,
+        None => auth_manager.get_model_vendor(&model_id).await,
+    };
+
+    let api_format = match vendor_result {
+        Ok(Some(vendor)) if vendor.eq_ignore_ascii_case("openai") => "openai_responses",
+        Ok(Some(_)) | Ok(None) => "openai_chat",
+        Err(err) => {
+            log::warn!(
+                "[StreamCheck] Failed to resolve Copilot model vendor for {}: {}. Falling back to chat/completions",
+                model_id,
+                err
+            );
+            "openai_chat"
+        }
+    };
+
+    Ok(Some(api_format.to_string()))
+}
diff --git a/src-tauri/src/proxy/forwarder.rs b/src-tauri/src/proxy/forwarder.rs
index deeb9c481..82acea3d4 100644
--- a/src-tauri/src/proxy/forwarder.rs
+++ b/src-tauri/src/proxy/forwarder.rs
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ use tokio::sync::RwLock;
 pub struct ForwardResult {
     pub response: ProxyResponse,
     pub provider: Provider,
+    pub claude_api_format: Option<String>,
 }
 
 pub struct ForwardError {
@@ -179,7 +180,7 @@ impl RequestForwarder {
                 )
                 .await
             {
-                Ok(response) => {
+                Ok((response, claude_api_format)) => {
                     // 成功：记录成功并更新熔断器
                     let _ = self
                         .router
@@ -233,6 +234,7 @@ impl RequestForwarder {
                     return Ok(ForwardResult {
                         response,
                         provider: provider.clone(),
+                        claude_api_format,
                     });
                 }
                 Err(e) => {
@@ -308,7 +310,7 @@ impl RequestForwarder {
                                     )
                                     .await
                                 {
-                                    Ok(response) => {
+                                    Ok((response, claude_api_format)) => {
                                         log::info!("[{app_type_str}] [RECT-002] 整流重试成功");
                                         // 记录成功
                                         let _ = self
@@ -367,6 +369,7 @@ impl RequestForwarder {
                                         return Ok(ForwardResult {
                                             response,
                                             provider: provider.clone(),
+                                            claude_api_format,
                                         });
                                     }
                                     Err(retry_err) => {
@@ -506,7 +509,7 @@ impl RequestForwarder {
                                 )
                                 .await
                             {
-                                Ok(response) => {
+                                Ok((response, claude_api_format)) => {
                                     log::info!("[{app_type_str}] [RECT-011] budget 整流重试成功");
                                     let _ = self
                                         .router
@@ -558,6 +561,7 @@ impl RequestForwarder {
                                     return Ok(ForwardResult {
                                         response,
                                         provider: provider.clone(),
+                                        claude_api_format,
                                     });
                                 }
                                 Err(retry_err) => {
@@ -745,15 +749,19 @@ impl RequestForwarder {
         // 使用适配器提取 base_url
         let base_url = adapter.extract_base_url(provider)?;
 
-        // 检查是否需要格式转换
-        let needs_transform = adapter.needs_transform(provider);
-
         let is_full_url = provider
             .meta
             .as_ref()
             .and_then(|meta| meta.is_full_url)
             .unwrap_or(false);
 
+        // 应用模型映射（独立于格式转换）
+        let (mapped_body, _original_model, _mapped_model) =
+            super::model_mapper::apply_model_mapping(body.clone(), provider);
+
+        // 与 CCH 对齐：请求前不做 thinking 主动改写（仅保留兼容入口）
+        let mapped_body = normalize_thinking_type(mapped_body);
+
         // 确定有效端点
         // GitHub Copilot API 使用 /chat/completions（无 /v1 前缀）
         let is_copilot = provider
@@ -762,9 +770,23 @@ impl RequestForwarder {
             .and_then(|m| m.provider_type.as_deref())
             == Some("github_copilot")
             || base_url.contains("githubcopilot.com");
+        let resolved_claude_api_format = if adapter.name() == "Claude" {
+            Some(
+                self.resolve_claude_api_format(provider, &mapped_body, is_copilot)
+                    .await,
+            )
+        } else {
+            None
+        };
+        let needs_transform = match resolved_claude_api_format.as_deref() {
+            Some(api_format) => super::providers::claude_api_format_needs_transform(api_format),
+            None => adapter.needs_transform(provider),
+        };
         let (effective_endpoint, passthrough_query) =
             if needs_transform && adapter.name() == "Claude" {
-                let api_format = super::providers::get_claude_api_format(provider);
+                let api_format = resolved_claude_api_format
+                    .as_deref()
+                    .unwrap_or_else(|| super::providers::get_claude_api_format(provider));
                 rewrite_claude_transform_endpoint(endpoint, api_format, is_copilot)
             } else {
                 (
@@ -781,16 +803,20 @@ impl RequestForwarder {
             adapter.build_url(&base_url, &effective_endpoint)
         };
 
-        // 应用模型映射（独立于格式转换）
-        let (mapped_body, _original_model, _mapped_model) =
-            super::model_mapper::apply_model_mapping(body.clone(), provider);
-
-        // 与 CCH 对齐：请求前不做 thinking 主动改写（仅保留兼容入口）
-        let mapped_body = normalize_thinking_type(mapped_body);
-
         // 转换请求体（如果需要）
         let request_body = if needs_transform {
-            adapter.transform_request(mapped_body, provider)?
+            if adapter.name() == "Claude" {
+                let api_format = resolved_claude_api_format
+                    .as_deref()
+                    .unwrap_or_else(|| super::providers::get_claude_api_format(provider));
+                super::providers::transform_claude_request_for_api_format(
+                    mapped_body,
+                    provider,
+                    api_format,
+                )?
+            } else {
+                adapter.transform_request(mapped_body, provider)?
+            }
         } else {
             mapped_body
         };
@@ -1140,7 +1166,7 @@ impl RequestForwarder {
         let status = response.status();
 
         if status.is_success() {
-            Ok(response)
+            Ok((response, resolved_claude_api_format))
         } else {
             let status_code = status.as_u16();
             let body_text = String::from_utf8(response.bytes().await?.to_vec()).ok();
@@ -1152,6 +1178,64 @@ impl RequestForwarder {
         }
     }
 
+    async fn resolve_claude_api_format(
+        &self,
+        provider: &Provider,
+        body: &Value,
+        is_copilot: bool,
+    ) -> String {
+        if !is_copilot {
+            return super::providers::get_claude_api_format(provider).to_string();
+        }
+
+        let model = body.get("model").and_then(|value| value.as_str());
+        if let Some(model_id) = model {
+            if self
+                .is_copilot_openai_vendor_model(provider, model_id)
+                .await
+            {
+                return "openai_responses".to_string();
+            }
+        }
+
+        "openai_chat".to_string()
+    }
+
+    async fn is_copilot_openai_vendor_model(&self, provider: &Provider, model_id: &str) -> bool {
+        let Some(app_handle) = &self.app_handle else {
+            log::debug!("[Copilot] AppHandle unavailable, fallback to chat/completions");
+            return false;
+        };
+
+        let copilot_state = app_handle.state::<CopilotAuthState>();
+        let copilot_auth = copilot_state.0.read().await;
+        let account_id = provider
+            .meta
+            .as_ref()
+            .and_then(|m| m.managed_account_id_for("github_copilot"));
+
+        let vendor_result = match account_id.as_deref() {
+            Some(id) => copilot_auth.get_model_vendor_for_account(id, model_id).await,
+            None => copilot_auth.get_model_vendor(model_id).await,
+        };
+
+        match vendor_result {
+            Ok(Some(vendor)) => vendor.eq_ignore_ascii_case("openai"),
+            Ok(None) => {
+                log::debug!(
+                    "[Copilot] Model vendor unavailable for {model_id}, fallback to chat/completions"
+                );
+                false
+            }
+            Err(err) => {
+                log::warn!(
+                    "[Copilot] Failed to resolve model vendor for {model_id}, fallback to chat/completions: {err}"
+                );
+                false
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     fn categorize_proxy_error(&self, error: &ProxyError) -> ErrorCategory {
         match error {
             // 网络和上游错误：都应该尝试下一个供应商
@@ -1339,7 +1423,9 @@ fn rewrite_claude_transform_endpoint(
         return (endpoint.to_string(), passthrough_query);
     }
 
-    let target_path = if is_copilot {
+    let target_path = if is_copilot && api_format == "openai_responses" {
+        "/v1/responses"
+    } else if is_copilot {
         "/chat/completions"
     } else if api_format == "openai_responses" {
         "/v1/responses"
@@ -1510,6 +1596,18 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(passthrough_query.as_deref(), Some("x-id=1"));
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn rewrite_claude_transform_endpoint_uses_copilot_responses_path() {
+        let (endpoint, passthrough_query) = rewrite_claude_transform_endpoint(
+            "/v1/messages?beta=true&x-id=1",
+            "openai_responses",
+            true,
+        );
+
+        assert_eq!(endpoint, "/v1/responses?x-id=1");
+        assert_eq!(passthrough_query.as_deref(), Some("x-id=1"));
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn append_query_to_full_url_preserves_existing_query_string() {
         let url = append_query_to_full_url("https://relay.example/api?foo=bar", Some("x-id=1"));
diff --git a/src-tauri/src/proxy/handlers.rs b/src-tauri/src/proxy/handlers.rs
index b68e7d6b2..bfa537809 100644
--- a/src-tauri/src/proxy/handlers.rs
+++ b/src-tauri/src/proxy/handlers.rs
@@ -116,6 +116,11 @@ pub async fn handle_messages(
     };
 
     ctx.provider = result.provider;
+    let api_format = result
+        .claude_api_format
+        .as_deref()
+        .unwrap_or_else(|| get_claude_api_format(&ctx.provider))
+        .to_string();
     let response = result.response;
 
     // 检查是否需要格式转换（OpenRouter 等中转服务）
@@ -124,7 +129,8 @@ pub async fn handle_messages(
 
     // Claude 特有：格式转换处理
     if needs_transform {
-        return handle_claude_transform(response, &ctx, &state, &body, is_stream).await;
+        return handle_claude_transform(response, &ctx, &state, &body, is_stream, &api_format)
+            .await;
     }
 
     // 通用响应处理（透传模式）
@@ -140,9 +146,9 @@ async fn handle_claude_transform(
     state: &ProxyState,
     _original_body: &Value,
     is_stream: bool,
+    api_format: &str,
 ) -> Result<axum::response::Response, ProxyError> {
     let status = response.status();
-    let api_format = get_claude_api_format(&ctx.provider);
 
     if is_stream {
         // 根据 api_format 选择流式转换器
diff --git a/src-tauri/src/proxy/providers/claude.rs b/src-tauri/src/proxy/providers/claude.rs
index f2f2d739f..8d59dc2a7 100644
--- a/src-tauri/src/proxy/providers/claude.rs
+++ b/src-tauri/src/proxy/providers/claude.rs
@@ -65,6 +65,30 @@ pub fn get_claude_api_format(provider: &Provider) -> &'static str {
     }
 }
 
+pub fn claude_api_format_needs_transform(api_format: &str) -> bool {
+    matches!(api_format, "openai_chat" | "openai_responses")
+}
+
+pub fn transform_claude_request_for_api_format(
+    body: serde_json::Value,
+    provider: &Provider,
+    api_format: &str,
+) -> Result<serde_json::Value, ProxyError> {
+    let cache_key = provider
+        .meta
+        .as_ref()
+        .and_then(|m| m.prompt_cache_key.as_deref())
+        .unwrap_or(&provider.id);
+
+    match api_format {
+        "openai_responses" => {
+            super::transform_responses::anthropic_to_responses(body, Some(cache_key))
+        }
+        "openai_chat" => super::transform::anthropic_to_openai(body, Some(cache_key)),
+        _ => Ok(body),
+    }
+}
+
 /// Claude 适配器
 pub struct ClaudeAdapter;
 
@@ -380,19 +404,7 @@ impl ProviderAdapter for ClaudeAdapter {
         body: serde_json::Value,
         provider: &Provider,
     ) -> Result<serde_json::Value, ProxyError> {
-        // Use meta.prompt_cache_key if set by user, otherwise fall back to provider.id
-        let cache_key = provider
-            .meta
-            .as_ref()
-            .and_then(|m| m.prompt_cache_key.as_deref())
-            .unwrap_or(&provider.id);
-
-        match self.get_api_format(provider) {
-            "openai_responses" => {
-                super::transform_responses::anthropic_to_responses(body, Some(cache_key))
-            }
-            _ => super::transform::anthropic_to_openai(body, Some(cache_key)),
-        }
+        transform_claude_request_for_api_format(body, provider, self.get_api_format(provider))
     }
 
     fn transform_response(&self, body: serde_json::Value) -> Result<serde_json::Value, ProxyError> {
@@ -798,4 +810,25 @@ mod tests {
         // GitHub Copilot always needs transform
         assert!(adapter.needs_transform(&copilot));
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_transform_claude_request_for_api_format_responses() {
+        let provider = create_provider(json!({
+            "env": {
+                "ANTHROPIC_BASE_URL": "https://api.githubcopilot.com"
+            }
+        }));
+        let body = json!({
+            "model": "gpt-5.4",
+            "messages": [{ "role": "user", "content": "hello" }],
+            "max_tokens": 128
+        });
+
+        let transformed =
+            transform_claude_request_for_api_format(body, &provider, "openai_responses").unwrap();
+
+        assert_eq!(transformed["model"], "gpt-5.4");
+        assert!(transformed.get("input").is_some());
+        assert!(transformed.get("max_output_tokens").is_some());
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src-tauri/src/proxy/providers/copilot_auth.rs b/src-tauri/src/proxy/providers/copilot_auth.rs
index 9fca0ff45..04f3f9f33 100644
--- a/src-tauri/src/proxy/providers/copilot_auth.rs
+++ b/src-tauri/src/proxy/providers/copilot_auth.rs
@@ -310,6 +310,8 @@ pub struct CopilotAuthManager {
     refresh_locks: Arc<RwLock<HashMap<String, Arc<Mutex<()>>>>>,
     /// Copilot Token 缓存（key = GitHub user ID，内存缓存，自动刷新）
     copilot_tokens: Arc<RwLock<HashMap<String, CopilotToken>>>,
+    /// Copilot Models 缓存（key = GitHub user ID，仅进程内复用）
+    copilot_models: Arc<RwLock<HashMap<String, Vec<CopilotModel>>>>,
     /// HTTP 客户端
     http_client: Client,
     /// 存储路径
@@ -330,6 +332,7 @@ impl CopilotAuthManager {
             default_account_id: Arc::new(RwLock::new(None)),
             refresh_locks: Arc::new(RwLock::new(HashMap::new())),
             copilot_tokens: Arc::new(RwLock::new(HashMap::new())),
+            copilot_models: Arc::new(RwLock::new(HashMap::new())),
             http_client: Client::new(),
             storage_path,
             pending_migration: Arc::new(RwLock::new(None)),
@@ -375,6 +378,10 @@ impl CopilotAuthManager {
             let mut tokens = self.copilot_tokens.write().await;
             tokens.remove(account_id);
         }
+        {
+            let mut models = self.copilot_models.write().await;
+            models.remove(account_id);
+        }
         {
             let mut refresh_locks = self.refresh_locks.write().await;
             refresh_locks.remove(account_id);
@@ -625,6 +632,27 @@ impl CopilotAuthManager {
     pub async fn fetch_models_for_account(
         &self,
         account_id: &str,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<CopilotModel>, CopilotAuthError> {
+        self.ensure_migration_complete().await?;
+
+        {
+            let models = self.copilot_models.read().await;
+            if let Some(cached) = models.get(account_id) {
+                return Ok(cached.clone());
+            }
+        }
+
+        let models = self.fetch_models_for_account_uncached(account_id).await?;
+        {
+            let mut cache = self.copilot_models.write().await;
+            cache.insert(account_id.to_string(), models.clone());
+        }
+        Ok(models)
+    }
+
+    async fn fetch_models_for_account_uncached(
+        &self,
+        account_id: &str,
     ) -> Result<Vec<CopilotModel>, CopilotAuthError> {
         let copilot_token = self.get_valid_token_for_account(account_id).await?;
 
@@ -673,6 +701,18 @@ impl CopilotAuthManager {
         Ok(models)
     }
 
+    pub async fn get_model_vendor_for_account(
+        &self,
+        account_id: &str,
+        model_id: &str,
+    ) -> Result<Option<String>, CopilotAuthError> {
+        let models = self.fetch_models_for_account(account_id).await?;
+        Ok(models
+            .into_iter()
+            .find(|model| model.id == model_id)
+            .map(|model| model.vendor))
+    }
+
     /// 获取 Copilot 可用模型列表（向后兼容：使用第一个账号）
     pub async fn fetch_models(&self) -> Result<Vec<CopilotModel>, CopilotAuthError> {
         match self.resolve_default_account_id().await {
@@ -681,6 +721,16 @@ impl CopilotAuthManager {
         }
     }
 
+    pub async fn get_model_vendor(
+        &self,
+        model_id: &str,
+    ) -> Result<Option<String>, CopilotAuthError> {
+        match self.resolve_default_account_id().await {
+            Some(id) => self.get_model_vendor_for_account(&id, model_id).await,
+            None => Err(CopilotAuthError::GitHubTokenInvalid),
+        }
+    }
+
     /// 获取指定账号的 Copilot 使用量信息
     pub async fn fetch_usage_for_account(
         &self,
@@ -1136,6 +1186,7 @@ impl CopilotAuthManager {
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
+    use tempfile::tempdir;
 
     #[test]
     fn test_copilot_token_expiry() {
@@ -1308,4 +1359,59 @@ mod tests {
             Some("67890".to_string())
         );
     }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_get_model_vendor_from_cache() {
+        let temp_dir = tempdir().unwrap();
+        let manager = CopilotAuthManager::new(temp_dir.path().to_path_buf());
+
+        {
+            let mut default_account_id = manager.default_account_id.write().await;
+            *default_account_id = Some("12345".to_string());
+        }
+        {
+            let mut accounts = manager.accounts.write().await;
+            accounts.insert(
+                "12345".to_string(),
+                GitHubAccountData {
+                    github_token: "gho_test".to_string(),
+                    user: GitHubUser {
+                        login: "alice".to_string(),
+                        id: 12345,
+                        avatar_url: None,
+                    },
+                    authenticated_at: 1700000000,
+                },
+            );
+        }
+        {
+            let mut models = manager.copilot_models.write().await;
+            models.insert(
+                "12345".to_string(),
+                vec![
+                    CopilotModel {
+                        id: "gpt-5.4".to_string(),
+                        name: "GPT-5.4".to_string(),
+                        vendor: "OpenAI".to_string(),
+                        model_picker_enabled: true,
+                    },
+                    CopilotModel {
+                        id: "claude-sonnet-4".to_string(),
+                        name: "Claude Sonnet 4".to_string(),
+                        vendor: "Anthropic".to_string(),
+                        model_picker_enabled: true,
+                    },
+                ],
+            );
+        }
+
+        let vendor = manager
+            .get_model_vendor_for_account("12345", "gpt-5.4")
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(vendor.as_deref(), Some("OpenAI"));
+
+        let default_vendor = manager.get_model_vendor("claude-sonnet-4").await.unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(default_vendor.as_deref(), Some("Anthropic"));
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src-tauri/src/proxy/providers/mod.rs b/src-tauri/src/proxy/providers/mod.rs
index d3e646c56..646bec414 100644
--- a/src-tauri/src/proxy/providers/mod.rs
+++ b/src-tauri/src/proxy/providers/mod.rs
@@ -30,7 +30,10 @@ use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 // 公开导出
 pub use adapter::ProviderAdapter;
 pub use auth::{AuthInfo, AuthStrategy};
-pub use claude::{get_claude_api_format, ClaudeAdapter};
+pub use claude::{
+    claude_api_format_needs_transform, get_claude_api_format,
+    transform_claude_request_for_api_format, ClaudeAdapter,
+};
 pub use codex::CodexAdapter;
 pub use gemini::GeminiAdapter;
 
diff --git a/src-tauri/src/proxy/providers/streaming_responses.rs b/src-tauri/src/proxy/providers/streaming_responses.rs
index fc33de56e..7840b68fa 100644
--- a/src-tauri/src/proxy/providers/streaming_responses.rs
+++ b/src-tauri/src/proxy/providers/streaming_responses.rs
@@ -109,6 +109,7 @@ pub fn create_anthropic_sse_stream_from_responses<E: std::error::Error + Send +
         let mut index_by_key: HashMap<String, u32> = HashMap::new();
         let mut open_indices: HashSet<u32> = HashSet::new();
         let mut fallback_open_index: Option<u32> = None;
+        let mut current_text_index: Option<u32> = None;
         let mut tool_index_by_item_id: HashMap<String, u32> = HashMap::new();
         let mut last_tool_index: Option<u32> = None;
 
@@ -218,12 +219,18 @@ pub fn create_anthropic_sse_stream_from_responses<E: std::error::Error + Send +
                                 if let Some(part) = data.get("part") {
                                     let part_type = part.get("type").and_then(|t| t.as_str());
                                     if matches!(part_type, Some("output_text") | Some("refusal")) {
-                                        let index = resolve_content_index(
-                                            &data,
-                                            &mut next_content_index,
-                                            &mut index_by_key,
-                                            &mut fallback_open_index,
-                                        );
+                                        let index = if let Some(index) = current_text_index {
+                                            index
+                                        } else {
+                                            let index = resolve_content_index(
+                                                &data,
+                                                &mut next_content_index,
+                                                &mut index_by_key,
+                                                &mut fallback_open_index,
+                                            );
+                                            current_text_index = Some(index);
+                                            index
+                                        };
 
                                         if open_indices.contains(&index) {
                                             continue;
@@ -250,12 +257,18 @@ pub fn create_anthropic_sse_stream_from_responses<E: std::error::Error + Send +
                             // ================================================
                             "response.output_text.delta" => {
                                 if let Some(delta) = data.get("delta").and_then(|d| d.as_str()) {
-                                    let index = resolve_content_index(
-                                        &data,
-                                        &mut next_content_index,
-                                        &mut index_by_key,
-                                        &mut fallback_open_index,
-                                    );
+                                    let index = if let Some(index) = current_text_index {
+                                        index
+                                    } else {
+                                        let index = resolve_content_index(
+                                            &data,
+                                            &mut next_content_index,
+                                            &mut index_by_key,
+                                            &mut fallback_open_index,
+                                        );
+                                        current_text_index = Some(index);
+                                        index
+                                    };
 
                                     if !open_indices.contains(&index) {
                                         let start_event = json!({
@@ -290,12 +303,18 @@ pub fn create_anthropic_sse_stream_from_responses<E: std::error::Error + Send +
                             // ================================================
                             "response.refusal.delta" => {
                                 if let Some(delta) = data.get("delta").and_then(|d| d.as_str()) {
-                                    let index = resolve_content_index(
-                                        &data,
-                                        &mut next_content_index,
-                                        &mut index_by_key,
-                                        &mut fallback_open_index,
-                                    );
+                                    let index = if let Some(index) = current_text_index {
+                                        index
+                                    } else {
+                                        let index = resolve_content_index(
+                                            &data,
+                                            &mut next_content_index,
+                                            &mut index_by_key,
+                                            &mut fallback_open_index,
+                                        );
+                                        current_text_index = Some(index);
+                                        index
+                                    };
 
                                     if !open_indices.contains(&index) {
                                         let start_event = json!({
@@ -329,29 +348,7 @@ pub fn create_anthropic_sse_stream_from_responses<E: std::error::Error + Send +
                             // ================================================
                             // response.content_part.done → content_block_stop
                             // ================================================
-                            "response.content_part.done" => {
-                                let key = content_part_key(&data);
-                                let index = if let Some(k) = key {
-                                    index_by_key.get(&k).copied()
-                                } else {
-                                    fallback_open_index
-                                };
-                                if let Some(index) = index {
-                                    if !open_indices.remove(&index) {
-                                        continue;
-                                    }
-                                    let event = json!({
-                                        "type": "content_block_stop",
-                                        "index": index
-                                    });
-                                    let sse = format!("event: content_block_stop\ndata: {}\n\n",
-                                        serde_json::to_string(&event).unwrap_or_default());
-                                    yield Ok(Bytes::from(sse));
-                                    if fallback_open_index == Some(index) {
-                                        fallback_open_index = None;
-                                    }
-                                }
-                            }
+                            "response.content_part.done" => {}
 
                             // ================================================
                             // response.output_item.added (function_call) → content_block_start (tool_use)
@@ -361,6 +358,20 @@ pub fn create_anthropic_sse_stream_from_responses<E: std::error::Error + Send +
                                     let item_type = item.get("type").and_then(|t| t.as_str()).unwrap_or("");
                                     if item_type == "function_call" {
                                         has_tool_use = true;
+                                        if let Some(index) = current_text_index.take() {
+                                            if open_indices.remove(&index) {
+                                                let stop_event = json!({
+                                                    "type": "content_block_stop",
+                                                    "index": index
+                                                });
+                                                let stop_sse = format!("event: content_block_stop\ndata: {}\n\n",
+                                                    serde_json::to_string(&stop_event).unwrap_or_default());
+                                                yield Ok(Bytes::from(stop_sse));
+                                            }
+                                            if fallback_open_index == Some(index) {
+                                                fallback_open_index = None;
+                                            }
+                                        }
                                         // 确保 message_start 已发送
                                         if !has_sent_message_start {
                                             let start_event = json!({
@@ -521,12 +532,14 @@ pub fn create_anthropic_sse_stream_from_responses<E: std::error::Error + Send +
                             // response.refusal.done → content_block_stop
                             // ================================================
                             "response.refusal.done" => {
-                                let key = content_part_key(&data);
-                                let index = if let Some(k) = key {
-                                    index_by_key.get(&k).copied()
-                                } else {
-                                    fallback_open_index
-                                };
+                                let index = current_text_index.take().or_else(|| {
+                                    let key = content_part_key(&data);
+                                    if let Some(k) = key {
+                                        index_by_key.get(&k).copied()
+                                    } else {
+                                        fallback_open_index
+                                    }
+                                });
                                 if let Some(index) = index {
                                     if !open_indices.remove(&index) {
                                         continue;
@@ -553,6 +566,20 @@ pub fn create_anthropic_sse_stream_from_responses<E: std::error::Error + Send +
                                     .or_else(|| data.get("text"))
                                     .and_then(|d| d.as_str())
                                 {
+                                    if let Some(index) = current_text_index.take() {
+                                        if open_indices.remove(&index) {
+                                            let stop_event = json!({
+                                                "type": "content_block_stop",
+                                                "index": index
+                                            });
+                                            let stop_sse = format!("event: content_block_stop\ndata: {}\n\n",
+                                                serde_json::to_string(&stop_event).unwrap_or_default());
+                                            yield Ok(Bytes::from(stop_sse));
+                                        }
+                                        if fallback_open_index == Some(index) {
+                                            fallback_open_index = None;
+                                        }
+                                    }
                                     let index = resolve_content_index(
                                         &data,
                                         &mut next_content_index,
@@ -674,8 +701,23 @@ pub fn create_anthropic_sse_stream_from_responses<E: std::error::Error + Send +
 
                             // Lifecycle events that don't need Anthropic counterparts.
                             // Listed explicitly so new events trigger a match-completeness review.
-                            "response.output_text.done"
-                            | "response.output_item.done"
+                            "response.output_text.done" => {
+                                if let Some(index) = current_text_index.take() {
+                                    if open_indices.remove(&index) {
+                                        let stop_event = json!({
+                                            "type": "content_block_stop",
+                                            "index": index
+                                        });
+                                        let stop_sse = format!("event: content_block_stop\ndata: {}\n\n",
+                                            serde_json::to_string(&stop_event).unwrap_or_default());
+                                        yield Ok(Bytes::from(stop_sse));
+                                    }
+                                    if fallback_open_index == Some(index) {
+                                        fallback_open_index = None;
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
+                            "response.output_item.done"
                             | "response.in_progress" => {}
 
                             // Any other unknown/future events — silently skip.
@@ -908,4 +950,75 @@ mod tests {
         );
         assert!(merged.contains("\"stop_reason\":\"end_turn\""));
     }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_streaming_text_parts_are_merged_into_one_text_block() {
+        let input = concat!(
+            "event: response.created\n",
+            "data: {\"type\":\"response.created\",\"response\":{\"id\":\"resp_merge\",\"model\":\"gpt-5.4\",\"usage\":{\"input_tokens\":5,\"output_tokens\":0}}}\n\n",
+            "event: response.content_part.added\n",
+            "data: {\"type\":\"response.content_part.added\",\"part\":{\"type\":\"output_text\",\"text\":\"\"},\"output_index\":0,\"content_index\":0}\n\n",
+            "event: response.output_text.delta\n",
+            "data: {\"type\":\"response.output_text.delta\",\"delta\":\"你\",\"output_index\":0,\"content_index\":0}\n\n",
+            "event: response.content_part.done\n",
+            "data: {\"type\":\"response.content_part.done\",\"output_index\":0,\"content_index\":0}\n\n",
+            "event: response.content_part.added\n",
+            "data: {\"type\":\"response.content_part.added\",\"part\":{\"type\":\"output_text\",\"text\":\"\"},\"output_index\":0,\"content_index\":1}\n\n",
+            "event: response.output_text.delta\n",
+            "data: {\"type\":\"response.output_text.delta\",\"delta\":\"好\",\"output_index\":0,\"content_index\":1}\n\n",
+            "event: response.content_part.done\n",
+            "data: {\"type\":\"response.content_part.done\",\"output_index\":0,\"content_index\":1}\n\n",
+            "event: response.output_text.done\n",
+            "data: {\"type\":\"response.output_text.done\",\"output_index\":0,\"content_index\":1}\n\n",
+            "event: response.completed\n",
+            "data: {\"type\":\"response.completed\",\"response\":{\"status\":\"completed\",\"usage\":{\"input_tokens\":5,\"output_tokens\":2}}}\n\n"
+        );
+
+        let upstream = stream::iter(vec![Ok(Bytes::from(input.as_bytes().to_vec()))]);
+        let converted = create_anthropic_sse_stream_from_responses(upstream);
+        let chunks: Vec<_> = converted.collect().await;
+        let events: Vec<Value> = chunks
+            .into_iter()
+            .flat_map(|chunk| {
+                let bytes = chunk.unwrap();
+                let text = String::from_utf8_lossy(bytes.as_ref()).to_string();
+                text.split("\n\n")
+                    .filter_map(|block| {
+                        block.lines().find_map(|line| {
+                            strip_sse_field(line, "data")
+                                .and_then(|payload| serde_json::from_str::<Value>(payload).ok())
+                        })
+                    })
+                    .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+            })
+            .collect();
+
+        let text_starts = events
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|event| {
+                event.get("type").and_then(|v| v.as_str()) == Some("content_block_start")
+                    && event.pointer("/content_block/type").and_then(|v| v.as_str()) == Some("text")
+            })
+            .count();
+        let text_stops = events
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|event| event.get("type").and_then(|v| v.as_str()) == Some("content_block_stop"))
+            .count();
+        let text_deltas: Vec<String> = events
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|event| {
+                event.get("type").and_then(|v| v.as_str()) == Some("content_block_delta")
+                    && event.pointer("/delta/type").and_then(|v| v.as_str()) == Some("text_delta")
+            })
+            .filter_map(|event| {
+                event.pointer("/delta/text")
+                    .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
+                    .map(ToString::to_string)
+            })
+            .collect();
+
+        assert_eq!(text_starts, 1);
+        assert_eq!(text_stops, 1);
+        assert_eq!(text_deltas, vec!["你".to_string(), "好".to_string()]);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src-tauri/src/services/stream_check.rs b/src-tauri/src/services/stream_check.rs
index 38889785d..e4ec20cbc 100644
--- a/src-tauri/src/services/stream_check.rs
+++ b/src-tauri/src/services/stream_check.rs
@@ -88,6 +88,7 @@ impl StreamCheckService {
         provider: &Provider,
         config: &StreamCheckConfig,
         auth_override: Option<AuthInfo>,
+        claude_api_format_override: Option<String>,
     ) -> Result<StreamCheckResult, AppError> {
         // 合并供应商单独配置和全局配置
         let effective_config = Self::merge_provider_config(provider, config);
@@ -95,8 +96,14 @@ impl StreamCheckService {
 
         for attempt in 0..=effective_config.max_retries {
             let result =
-                Self::check_once(app_type, provider, &effective_config, auth_override.clone())
-                    .await;
+                Self::check_once(
+                    app_type,
+                    provider,
+                    &effective_config,
+                    auth_override.clone(),
+                    claude_api_format_override.clone(),
+                )
+                .await;
 
             match &result {
                 Ok(r) if r.success => {
@@ -185,6 +192,7 @@ impl StreamCheckService {
         provider: &Provider,
         config: &StreamCheckConfig,
         auth_override: Option<AuthInfo>,
+        claude_api_format_override: Option<String>,
     ) -> Result<StreamCheckResult, AppError> {
         let start = Instant::now();
         let adapter = get_adapter(app_type);
@@ -215,6 +223,7 @@ impl StreamCheckService {
                     test_prompt,
                     request_timeout,
                     provider,
+                    claude_api_format_override.as_deref(),
                 )
                 .await
             }
@@ -303,6 +312,7 @@ impl StreamCheckService {
         test_prompt: &str,
         timeout: std::time::Duration,
         provider: &Provider,
+        claude_api_format_override: Option<&str>,
     ) -> Result<(u16, String), AppError> {
         let base = base_url.trim_end_matches('/');
         let is_github_copilot = auth.strategy == AuthStrategy::GitHubCopilot;
@@ -320,19 +330,28 @@ impl StreamCheckService {
             })
             .unwrap_or("anthropic");
 
+        let effective_api_format = claude_api_format_override.unwrap_or(api_format);
+
         let is_full_url = provider
             .meta
             .as_ref()
             .and_then(|meta| meta.is_full_url)
             .unwrap_or(false);
-        let is_openai_chat = is_github_copilot || api_format == "openai_chat";
-        let is_openai_responses = !is_github_copilot && api_format == "openai_responses";
-        let url = Self::resolve_claude_stream_url(base, auth.strategy, api_format, is_full_url);
+        let is_openai_chat = effective_api_format == "openai_chat";
+        let is_openai_responses = effective_api_format == "openai_responses";
+        let url = Self::resolve_claude_stream_url(
+            base,
+            auth.strategy,
+            effective_api_format,
+            is_full_url,
+        );
+
+        let max_tokens = if is_openai_responses { 16 } else { 1 };
 
         // Build from Anthropic-native shape first, then convert for configured targets.
         let anthropic_body = json!({
             "model": model,
-            "max_tokens": 1,
+            "max_tokens": max_tokens,
             "messages": [{ "role": "user", "content": test_prompt }],
             "stream": true
         });
@@ -730,7 +749,9 @@ impl StreamCheckService {
         let base = base_url.trim_end_matches('/');
         let is_github_copilot = auth_strategy == AuthStrategy::GitHubCopilot;
 
-        if is_github_copilot {
+        if is_github_copilot && api_format == "openai_responses" {
+            format!("{base}/v1/responses")
+        } else if is_github_copilot {
             format!("{base}/chat/completions")
         } else if api_format == "openai_responses" {
             if base.ends_with("/v1") {
@@ -764,6 +785,15 @@ impl StreamCheckService {
             vec![format!("{base}/responses"), format!("{base}/v1/responses")]
         }
     }
+
+    pub(crate) fn resolve_effective_test_model(
+        app_type: &AppType,
+        provider: &Provider,
+        config: &StreamCheckConfig,
+    ) -> String {
+        let effective_config = Self::merge_provider_config(provider, config);
+        Self::resolve_test_model(app_type, provider, &effective_config)
+    }
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
@@ -884,13 +914,25 @@ mod tests {
         let url = StreamCheckService::resolve_claude_stream_url(
             "https://api.githubcopilot.com",
             AuthStrategy::GitHubCopilot,
-            "anthropic",
+            "openai_chat",
             false,
         );
 
         assert_eq!(url, "https://api.githubcopilot.com/chat/completions");
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn test_resolve_claude_stream_url_for_github_copilot_responses() {
+        let url = StreamCheckService::resolve_claude_stream_url(
+            "https://api.githubcopilot.com",
+            AuthStrategy::GitHubCopilot,
+            "openai_responses",
+            false,
+        );
+
+        assert_eq!(url, "https://api.githubcopilot.com/v1/responses");
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn test_resolve_claude_stream_url_for_openai_chat() {
         let url = StreamCheckService::resolve_claude_stream_url(
diff --git a/src/config/opencodeProviderPresets.ts b/src/config/opencodeProviderPresets.ts
index f88804a6a..810de2760 100644
--- a/src/config/opencodeProviderPresets.ts
+++ b/src/config/opencodeProviderPresets.ts
@@ -453,10 +453,10 @@ export const opencodeProviderPresets: OpenCodeProviderPreset[] = [
     websiteUrl: "https://www.kimi.com/coding/docs/",
     apiKeyUrl: "https://platform.moonshot.cn/console/api-keys",
     settingsConfig: {
-      npm: "@ai-sdk/openai-compatible",
+      npm: "@ai-sdk/anthropic",
       name: "Kimi For Coding",
       options: {
-        baseURL: "https://api.kimi.com/v1",
+        baseURL: "https://api.kimi.com/coding/v1",
         apiKey: "",
         setCacheKey: true,
       },
@@ -470,8 +470,8 @@ export const opencodeProviderPresets: OpenCodeProviderPreset[] = [
     templateValues: {
       baseURL: {
         label: "Base URL",
-        placeholder: "https://api.kimi.com/v1",
-        defaultValue: "https://api.kimi.com/v1",
+        placeholder: "https://api.kimi.com/coding/v1",
+        defaultValue: "https://api.kimi.com/coding/v1",
         editorValue: "",
       },
       apiKey: {
diff --git a/src/hooks/useProviderActions.ts b/src/hooks/useProviderActions.ts
index 8c14a0531..344616843 100644
--- a/src/hooks/useProviderActions.ts
+++ b/src/hooks/useProviderActions.ts
@@ -139,10 +139,18 @@ export function useProviderActions(activeApp: AppId, isProxyRunning?: boolean) {
   // 切换供应商
   const switchProvider = useCallback(
     async (provider: Provider) => {
+      const isCopilotProvider =
+        activeApp === "claude" &&
+        provider.meta?.providerType === "github_copilot";
+
       // Determine why this provider requires the proxy
       let proxyRequiredReason: string | null = null;
       if (!isProxyRunning && provider.category !== "official") {
-        if (
+        if (isCopilotProvider) {
+          proxyRequiredReason = t("notifications.proxyReasonCopilot", {
+            defaultValue: "使用 GitHub Copilot 作为 Claude 供应商",
+          });
+        } else if (
           provider.meta?.apiFormat === "openai_chat" &&
           activeApp === "claude"
         ) {
@@ -192,8 +200,27 @@ export function useProviderActions(activeApp: AppId, isProxyRunning?: boolean) {
           );
         }
 
-        // OpenCode/OpenClaw: show "added to config" message instead of "switched"
-        {
+        // 根据供应商类型显示不同的成功提示
+        if (
+          activeApp === "claude" &&
+          provider.category !== "official" &&
+          (isCopilotProvider ||
+            provider.meta?.apiFormat === "openai_chat" ||
+            provider.meta?.apiFormat === "openai_responses")
+        ) {
+          // OpenAI format provider: show proxy hint
+          toast.info(
+            isCopilotProvider
+              ? t("notifications.copilotProxyHint")
+              : t("notifications.openAIFormatHint"),
+            {
+              duration: 5000,
+              closeButton: true,
+            },
+          );
+        } else {
+          // 普通供应商：显示切换成功
+          // OpenCode/OpenClaw: show "added to config" message instead of "switched"
           const isMultiProviderApp =
             activeApp === "opencode" || activeApp === "openclaw";
           const messageKey = isMultiProviderApp
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/en.json b/src/i18n/locales/en.json
index 2f5ca3046..ca639040d 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/en.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/en.json
@@ -175,9 +175,12 @@
     "settingsSaved": "Settings saved",
     "settingsSaveFailed": "Failed to save settings: {{error}}",
     "proxyRequiredForSwitch": "This provider {{reason}}, requires the proxy service to work properly. Start the proxy first.",
+    "proxyReasonCopilot": "uses GitHub Copilot as a Claude provider",
     "proxyReasonOpenAIChat": "uses OpenAI Chat API format",
     "proxyReasonOpenAIResponses": "uses OpenAI Responses API format",
     "proxyReasonFullUrl": "has full URL connection mode enabled",
+    "openAIFormatHint": "This provider uses OpenAI-compatible format and requires the proxy service to be enabled",
+    "copilotProxyHint": "GitHub Copilot as a Claude provider always requires the local proxy; the proxy automatically selects Chat Completions or Responses based on the current model.",
     "openLinkFailed": "Failed to open link",
     "openclawModelsRegistered": "Models have been registered to /model list",
     "openclawDefaultModelSet": "Set as default model",
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/ja.json b/src/i18n/locales/ja.json
index 654f02190..76f4808a9 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/ja.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/ja.json
@@ -175,9 +175,12 @@
     "settingsSaved": "設定を保存しました",
     "settingsSaveFailed": "設定の保存に失敗しました: {{error}}",
     "proxyRequiredForSwitch": "このプロバイダーは{{reason}}、プロキシサービスが必要です。先にプロキシを起動してください",
+    "proxyReasonCopilot": "GitHub Copilot を Claude プロバイダーとして使用しており",
     "proxyReasonOpenAIChat": "OpenAI Chat API フォーマットを使用しており",
     "proxyReasonOpenAIResponses": "OpenAI Responses API フォーマットを使用しており",
     "proxyReasonFullUrl": "完全 URL 接続モードが有効になっており",
+    "openAIFormatHint": "このプロバイダーは OpenAI 互換フォーマットを使用しており、プロキシサービスの有効化が必要です",
+    "copilotProxyHint": "GitHub Copilot を Claude プロバイダーとして使用する場合、ローカルプロキシが常に必要です。プロキシは現在のモデルに応じて Chat Completions または Responses を自動的に選択します。",
     "openLinkFailed": "リンクを開けませんでした",
     "openclawModelsRegistered": "モデルが /model リストに登録されました",
     "openclawDefaultModelSet": "デフォルトモデルに設定しました",
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/zh.json b/src/i18n/locales/zh.json
index 1eece7581..1b80ae690 100644
--- a/src/i18n/locales/zh.json
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/zh.json
@@ -175,9 +175,12 @@
     "settingsSaved": "设置已保存",
     "settingsSaveFailed": "保存设置失败：{{error}}",
     "proxyRequiredForSwitch": "此供应商{{reason}}，需要代理服务才能正常使用，请先启动代理",
+    "proxyReasonCopilot": "使用 GitHub Copilot 作为 Claude 供应商",
     "proxyReasonOpenAIChat": "使用 OpenAI Chat 接口格式",
     "proxyReasonOpenAIResponses": "使用 OpenAI Responses 接口格式",
     "proxyReasonFullUrl": "开启了完整 URL 连接模式",
+    "openAIFormatHint": "此供应商使用 OpenAI 兼容格式，需要开启代理服务才能正常使用",
+    "copilotProxyHint": "GitHub Copilot 作为 Claude 供应商时始终需要本地代理；代理会根据当前模型自动选择 Chat Completions 或 Responses。",
     "openLinkFailed": "链接打开失败",
     "openclawModelsRegistered": "模型已注册到 /model 列表",
     "openclawDefaultModelSet": "已设为默认模型",
diff --git a/tests/config/opencodeProviderPresets.test.ts b/tests/config/opencodeProviderPresets.test.ts
index 0a57869a0..c54cea5f4 100644
--- a/tests/config/opencodeProviderPresets.test.ts
+++ b/tests/config/opencodeProviderPresets.test.ts
@@ -65,4 +65,19 @@ describe("AWS Bedrock OpenCode Provider Presets", () => {
       modelIds.some((id) => id.includes("anthropic.claude")),
     ).toBe(true);
   });
+
+  it("Kimi For Coding preset should use Anthropic with the coding endpoint", () => {
+    const kimiForCodingPreset = opencodeProviderPresets.find(
+      (p) => p.name === "Kimi For Coding",
+    );
+
+    expect(kimiForCodingPreset).toBeDefined();
+    expect(kimiForCodingPreset!.settingsConfig.npm).toBe("@ai-sdk/anthropic");
+    expect(kimiForCodingPreset!.settingsConfig.options?.baseURL).toBe(
+      "https://api.kimi.com/coding/v1",
+    );
+    expect(kimiForCodingPreset!.templateValues?.baseURL.defaultValue).toBe(
+      "https://api.kimi.com/coding/v1",
+    );
+  });
 });