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agent-framework/python/samples/getting_started/middleware/function_based_middleware.py
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Dmytro Struk e4ca3e60f8 Python: [BREAKING] Renamed next middleware parameter to call_next (#3735)
* Renamed next middleware parameter to call_next

* Resolved comments
2026-02-09 21:21:27 +00:00

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Python

# Copyright (c) Microsoft. All rights reserved.
import asyncio
import time
from collections.abc import Awaitable, Callable
from random import randint
from typing import Annotated
from agent_framework import (
AgentContext,
FunctionInvocationContext,
tool,
)
from agent_framework.azure import AzureAIAgentClient
from azure.identity.aio import AzureCliCredential
from pydantic import Field
"""
Function-based MiddlewareTypes Example
This sample demonstrates how to implement middleware using simple async functions instead of classes.
The example includes:
- Security middleware that validates agent requests for sensitive information
- Logging middleware that tracks function execution timing and parameters
- Performance monitoring to measure execution duration
Function-based middleware is ideal for simple, stateless operations and provides a more
lightweight approach compared to class-based middleware. Both agent and function middleware
can be implemented as async functions that accept context and call_next parameters.
"""
# NOTE: approval_mode="never_require" is for sample brevity. Use "always_require" in production; see samples/getting_started/tools/function_tool_with_approval.py and samples/getting_started/tools/function_tool_with_approval_and_threads.py.
@tool(approval_mode="never_require")
def get_weather(
location: Annotated[str, Field(description="The location to get the weather for.")],
) -> str:
"""Get the weather for a given location."""
conditions = ["sunny", "cloudy", "rainy", "stormy"]
return f"The weather in {location} is {conditions[randint(0, 3)]} with a high of {randint(10, 30)}°C."
async def security_agent_middleware(
context: AgentContext,
call_next: Callable[[AgentContext], Awaitable[None]],
) -> None:
"""Agent middleware that checks for security violations."""
# Check for potential security violations in the query
# For this example, we'll check the last user message
last_message = context.messages[-1] if context.messages else None
if last_message and last_message.text:
query = last_message.text
if "password" in query.lower() or "secret" in query.lower():
print("[SecurityAgentMiddleware] Security Warning: Detected sensitive information, blocking request.")
# Simply don't call call_next() to prevent execution
return
print("[SecurityAgentMiddleware] Security check passed.")
await call_next(context)
async def logging_function_middleware(
context: FunctionInvocationContext,
call_next: Callable[[FunctionInvocationContext], Awaitable[None]],
) -> None:
"""Function middleware that logs function calls."""
function_name = context.function.name
print(f"[LoggingFunctionMiddleware] About to call function: {function_name}.")
start_time = time.time()
await call_next(context)
end_time = time.time()
duration = end_time - start_time
print(f"[LoggingFunctionMiddleware] Function {function_name} completed in {duration:.5f}s.")
async def main() -> None:
"""Example demonstrating function-based middleware."""
print("=== Function-based MiddlewareTypes Example ===")
# For authentication, run `az login` command in terminal or replace AzureCliCredential with preferred
# authentication option.
async with (
AzureCliCredential() as credential,
AzureAIAgentClient(credential=credential).as_agent(
name="WeatherAgent",
instructions="You are a helpful weather assistant.",
tools=get_weather,
middleware=[security_agent_middleware, logging_function_middleware],
) as agent,
):
# Test with normal query
print("\n--- Normal Query ---")
query = "What's the weather like in Tokyo?"
print(f"User: {query}")
result = await agent.run(query)
print(f"Agent: {result.text if result.text else 'No response'}\n")
# Test with security violation
print("--- Security Test ---")
query = "What's the secret weather password?"
print(f"User: {query}")
result = await agent.run(query)
print(f"Agent: {result.text if result.text else 'No response'}\n")
if __name__ == "__main__":
asyncio.run(main())