From 9a02dafbc36a06786cdb007d401c530eee13d00a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "copilot-swe-agent[bot]" <198982749+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 13 May 2026 19:14:55 +0000
Subject: [PATCH] Clarify null element validation messages

Agent-Logs-Url: https://github.com/microsoft/agent-framework/sessions/af831ee2-0a99-4427-9ffd-a3b5022c1b3b

Co-authored-by: lokitoth <6936551+lokitoth@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 .../SwitchBuilder.cs                           | 18 ++++++++++++++----
 .../WorkflowBuilderExtensions.cs               |  4 +++-
 2 files changed, 17 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/dotnet/src/Microsoft.Agents.AI.Workflows/SwitchBuilder.cs b/dotnet/src/Microsoft.Agents.AI.Workflows/SwitchBuilder.cs
index 286329b6ec..c347ca84f3 100644
--- a/dotnet/src/Microsoft.Agents.AI.Workflows/SwitchBuilder.cs
+++ b/dotnet/src/Microsoft.Agents.AI.Workflows/SwitchBuilder.cs
@@ -37,9 +37,13 @@ public sealed class SwitchBuilder
 
         HashSet<int> indicies = [];
 
-        foreach (ExecutorBinding executor in executors)
+        int executorIndex = 0;
+        foreach (ExecutorBinding? executor in executors)
         {
-            Throw.IfNull(executor, nameof(executors));
+            if (executor is null)
+            {
+                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(executors), $"Executors collection contains a null element at index {executorIndex}.");
+            }
 
             if (!this._executorIndicies.TryGetValue(executor.Id, out int index))
             {
@@ -49,6 +53,7 @@ public sealed class SwitchBuilder
             }
 
             indicies.Add(index);
+            executorIndex++;
         }
 
         Func<object?, bool> casePredicate = WorkflowBuilder.CreateConditionFunc(predicate)!;
@@ -66,9 +71,13 @@ public sealed class SwitchBuilder
     {
         Throw.IfNull(executors);
 
-        foreach (ExecutorBinding executor in executors)
+        int executorIndex = 0;
+        foreach (ExecutorBinding? executor in executors)
         {
-            Throw.IfNull(executor, nameof(executors));
+            if (executor is null)
+            {
+                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(executors), $"Executors collection contains a null element at index {executorIndex}.");
+            }
 
             if (!this._executorIndicies.TryGetValue(executor.Id, out int index))
             {
@@ -78,6 +87,7 @@ public sealed class SwitchBuilder
             }
 
             this._defaultIndicies.Add(index);
+            executorIndex++;
         }
 
         return this;
diff --git a/dotnet/src/Microsoft.Agents.AI.Workflows/WorkflowBuilderExtensions.cs b/dotnet/src/Microsoft.Agents.AI.Workflows/WorkflowBuilderExtensions.cs
index 179dc78c88..c261036c6b 100644
--- a/dotnet/src/Microsoft.Agents.AI.Workflows/WorkflowBuilderExtensions.cs
+++ b/dotnet/src/Microsoft.Agents.AI.Workflows/WorkflowBuilderExtensions.cs
@@ -128,14 +128,16 @@ public static class WorkflowBuilderExtensions
         Throw.IfNull(targets);
 
         List<ExecutorBinding> targetList = [];
+        int targetIndex = 0;
         foreach (ExecutorBinding? target in targets)
         {
             if (target is null)
             {
-                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(targets), "Targets collection cannot contain null elements.");
+                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(targets), $"Targets collection contains a null element at index {targetIndex}.");
             }
 
             targetList.Add(target);
+            targetIndex++;
         }
 
         Throw.IfNullOrEmpty(targetList, nameof(targets));